Some structures are discussed in more detail with emphasis on related pathology. Development. 41-12).
The petrous temporal bone has a pyramidal shape with an apex and a base as well as three surfaces and angles: apex (petrous apex). Cranial Nerve Anatomy / Cranial nerves.
6] the temporal bone consists of three principal parts: Anteroinferior to this area is the horizontal segment of the petrous carotid artery. Kawase et al. Facial nerve palsy has been observed in about 1.5% cases of head injury due to temporal bone fracture.
The apex of the petrous bone lies in a complex anatomic region that contains a number of critical neural and vascular structures. Therefore, lesions arising in or spreading to the petrous apex cause varied and occasionally severe clinical sequelae, which typically are the result of mass effect or direct invasion of the cranial nerves, brainstem, or internal carotid artery (ICA). The cochlear summating potential to auditory nerve action potential ratio (SP/AP ratio) of the electrocochleogram was 0.29-0.16. The temporal bone contributes to the lower lateral walls of the skull. Directed medially, forward, and a little upward, it presents a base, an apex, three surfaces, and three angles, and houses in its interior, the components of the inner ear.. It contains the middle and inner portions of the ear, and is crossed by the majority of the cranial nerves. The petrous part of the temporal bone is pyramid-shaped and is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones. In this review we present the normal axial and coronal anatomy of the temporal bone by scrolling through the images.
Diagnostic workup for petrous apex lesions includes a comprehensive audiogram (hearing test) and temporal bone imaging – using both CT and MRI technologies. If left untreated, more serious patient compromise may result from permanent cranial nerve or inner ear damage as well as from destruction of the temporal bone. 10.1055/b-0034-102671 Temporal Bone The temporal bone is divided into five parts, which are subsequently described.
Each temporal bone is composed of five osseous parts: the squamous, mastoid, petrous, tympanic, and styloid portions. Several intrinsic channels, intrinsic fissures, and extrinsic sutures are often apparent on CT images and can mimic fractures (pseudofractures) ( 1 ).
Anatomy of the petrous bone (CT) - Atlas of human anatomy using cross-sectional imaging We have created an atlas of the temporal bone which is an educational tool for studying the normal anatomy of the petrous bone based on an MDCT exam of the axial and coronal of the ear and petrous bone. TEMPORAL BONE, POSTERIOR SKULL BASE, POSTERIOR FOSSA, AND CRANIAL NERVES ANTHONY A. MANCUSO, BERIT M. VERBIST, AND PATRICK J. ANTONELLI TECHNICAL ASPECTS In general, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in this anatomic region almost always require the highest possible spatial resolution, sometimes needing to balance that … Each temporal bone is composed of five osseous parts: the squamous, mastoid, petrous, tympanic, and styloid portions. It contains the middle and inner portions of the ear, and is crossed by the majority of the cranial nerves. Anatomy of the petrous bone (CT) - Atlas of human anatomy using cross-sectional imaging We have created an atlas of the temporal bone which is an educational tool for studying the normal anatomy of the petrous bone based on an MDCT exam of the axial and coronal of the ear and petrous bone. In this article, we look at the structure and function of this bone and the injuries that can affect it. 1, 2 Unfortunately, these lesions often invade the labyrinth and fallopian canal before they are diagnosed. Gross anatomy. The temporal bone is ossified from eight centers, exclusive of those for the internal ear and the tympanic ossicles: one for the squama including the zygomatic process, one for the tympanic part, four for the petrous and mastoid parts, and two for the styloid process.Just before the end of prenatal development [Fig. The aim of the presentation is to highlight the awareness and importance of HRCT of temporal bone in presence of clinical features like damage to 7 th and 8 th cranial nerves, CSF leak and damage to the middle and inner ear in patients with head trauma. Facial nerve palsy has been observed in about 1.5% cases of head injury due to temporal bone fracture. The temporal bone contributes to the lower lateral walls of the skull. 1). petrous temporal bone: A pyramid-shaped bone that is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones and is part of the endocranium.
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